Expert reviewed • 22 November 2024 • 4 minute read
The solubility product quotient (Q) is a fundamental concept in solution chemistry that helps us predict whether precipitation will occur in ionic solutions. Understanding Q and its relationship to the solubility product constant (Ksp) is crucial for analyzing chemical equilibria in solution.
The solubility product quotient Q represents the product of ion concentrations in a solution at any given moment, while Ksp represents this product specifically at equilibrium. When comparing Q and Ksp:
The value of Ksp indicates the solubility of an ionic compound:
Let's explore three examples of calculating Q and predicting precipitation.
Calculate moles of BaSO₄:
Calculate ion concentrations:
Calculate Q:
Compare with Ksp:
Since , precipitation will occur.