Expert reviewed • 08 January 2025 • 4 minute read
Dialysis, a life-sustaining technology, has evolved from basic filtration units to sophisticated systems that closely mimic kidney function. Ongoing improvements aim to enhance patient comfort, treatment outcomes, and long-term health.
Modern haemodialysis machines integrate blood pumps, dialysers, and precise monitors to manage fluid removal, waste filtration, and electrolyte balance.
| Component | Function | Critical Factors |
|---|---|---|
| Dialyser | Blood filtration | Surface area, pore size |
| Pump System | Blood circulation | Flow rate, pressure control |
| Monitor | Safety oversight | Multiple parameter checks |
Peritoneal dialysis uses the body’s peritoneal membrane as a filter. Automated devices improve treatment reliability and ease of use.
Real-time monitoring of vital signs and automated adjustments improve safety and comfort.
Reliable vascular access is critical, with AV fistulas, grafts, and catheters each having trade-offs in durability, infection risk, and setup time.
User-friendly home dialysis machines, remote monitoring, and in-built safety alarms increase independence. Home-based treatment often leads to improved quality of life.
Wearable dialysis devices and bioartificial kidneys aim to provide continuous, portable treatment. Research in cell-based filtration and nanotechnology may yield better biocompatibility and efficiency.
Dialysis treatment is increasingly personalised, considering patient body composition, residual kidney function, and lifestyle.